151 Continuing Education and Life[long] Learning Ideas for BC Landscape Architects

151

© 2018 Katherine Dunster
Cover: Gill Sans Shadow 100 pt & Sitka 24/18
Body Text: Aboriginal Sans and Gill Sans MT 11/10/9

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Continuing Education
and Life[long] Learning
Ideas for BC Landscape Architects

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Quote Sources

Katherine Dunster

1 Julia Child – quoted by Nancy Verde Barr in Backstage with Julia: My Years with Julia Child, 2007,
p.246.
2 Eric Hoffer, Reflections on the Human Condition (1973, Section 32, p.22)
3 John Holt, What Do I Do Monday? (1970, p.22)

Preface

Find something you’re passionate about and keep tremendously
interested in it. — Julia Child1

Protocol with First Nations acknowledges and gives thanks for welcoming us uninvited into their territories. Therefore, to the Skwxwwú7mesh (Squamish Nation)
and K’ómoks (Comox Nation), who are recognized as different language groups), and
to the xʷməθkwəýəm (Musqueam), Səílwətaʔł (Tsleil-Waututh), and Qw’ʔntl’en
(Kwantlen) nations I say in Həëəmiə, the downriver Halkomelem dialect, hay
ce:p éaʔ si:em’ nu stl’ich si’emstuhw šxʷʔaət. As a settler, I am thankful every
day for their sharing of land, knowledge, culture, and teachings. I am grateful to live,
work, learn, and play on the unceded, occupied, and ancestral territories of the Coast
Salish Peoples.

Why Continuing Education for Landscape Architects?
In a time of drastic change it is the learners who inherit the
future. The learned usually find themselves equipped to live in a
world that no longer exists. — Eric Hoffer2

In BC, the British Columbia Society of Landscape Architects is governed and regulated
by provincial legislation — Architects (Landscape) Act, [RSBC 1996] c.18, s.11 [as am.
November 2, 1999] which includes the following Objects of the Society:
(a) to uphold public health, safety and welfare as it relates to the professional practice
of landscape architecture in British Columbia;

There is no difference between living and learning, that living is
learning, it is impossible, and misleading and harmful to think of
them as being separate. — John Holt3

(b) to nurture and further the professional application of landscape architectural
knowledge and technique as it relates to the planning, design, development, preservation, protection, restoration, reclamation, rehabilitation, enhancement and management of the environment;
(c) to advance landscape architectural knowledge and technique;
(d) to further and maintain proper standards of professional Landscape Architectural
practice in British Columbia.”
The Objects of the BCSLA are elaborated in the Bylaws (1.1 through 1.14 – Principles
of the Profession) of the Society.The Principles establish that as Members, we currently
(2010) have the following Duties:
•
•
•
•
•

Duties to the Public
Duties to the Client
Duties to the Environment
Duties to the Profession
Duties to Oneself

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Continuing education is considered an essential component to meet our legislated
duties to the public. To accomplish this, By-law 1.4 sets out exactly what we mean:
“The Landscape Architect owes a duty to the public to uphold the public trust in the expertise
and judgment of professionals, through continuing education in the art, science and skills
of landscape architecture, the thoughtful consideration of the social, environmental and economic impact of their professional activities, and the exercise of learned and uncompromised
professional judgment.”
To download a complete copy of the current BCSLA Standards of Professional Conduct and Practice go here: https://www.bcsla.org/sites/default/files/documents/profession/StandardApril24-2010adp_2016FInal.pdf

About 151 ideas:
The world, and our little corner of it, has changed a lot since the first printing of 101
Ways in 2015. While the suggestions in 101 Ways remain very useful motivators for
exploring knowledge gaps and will continue to be available as a pdf on the BCSLA
website, there is great urgency in staying current within the profession, because landscape is both a human construct, a way of culturally organizing territory, and with
human agency can transform and redefine human settlements, meet essential needs,
and enrich human lives.
Much of what we learned in school two, ten, twenty, or thirty years ago, or thought
was irrefutable knowledge a year ago no longer holds valid space in our profession or
in society. Innovative technologies, a revival of old ways of thinking, an urgent need to
learn more about coping with challenging issues and wicked problems, and to actively
pursue new knowledge are essential to finding currency, and maintaining relevancy
in our applied practice, where human life depends so much more on the survival of
plants that feed, clothe, shelter, and protect us from the vagaries of climate.
While it’s not all on our shoulders, figuring out how to save the world from negative
human energy is on our watch. We can intentionally direct our talents and energy
towards to changing the world towards a better, healthier, and positive future.
Life learning about human survival on this changing planet gives us the knowledge
and skills to help us work, play and live healthy, happy and safe lives which we must
pass on to present and next generations. Lifelong learners have a passion for learning, and we are empowered by that passion to create a life that fulfills our dreams and
those of others.

The completion of the Truth + Reconciliation Commission hearings and release of the
94 Calls to Action in 2016 has both personal and collective implications, and as you
will see, has pushed the direction and organization of the 151 ideas in this edition into
some specific and timely topics to explore and absorb:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
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Indigenous Issues | Reconciliation | Decolonization (1—46)
TEK | Indigenous Ecological Knowledge | Local Knowledge (47—55)
Cultural Survival + Resilience + Land Struggles (56—63)
MOOCS + More (64—70)
Podcasts | Online Audio/Video Broadcasts (71—83)
Climate Adaptation | Resilient Places | Low Carbon Resilience (84—109)
Planting Design – Adaptation (110—115)
Urban Forests and Trees (115—118)
Biophilic Cities and Design (116—119)
Food [In] Security | Food Sovereignty (127—135)
Play: Outside | Natural Play (136-140)
Transportation (141—145)
Design for Social Impact + Inclusivity + Engagement (146-151)

Tips for using the Guide
The format for this version is letter-size, landscape, and is sequentially-paged for web
reading. A back-to-back booklet format can be downloaded from https://kora.kpu.ca/
islandora/search/Dunster?type=dismax
Start at the beginning. The Canadian Landscape Charter sets the ethical compass bearing for landscape architects in Canada and should be internalized and then externalized in your practice. Many of the ideas suggested below will help enrich your
mind. The first section on Indigenous Issues | Reconciliation | Decolonization can be
followed sequentially if you are just stepping on the path. If you are already on your
way — skim through the ideas and explore topics that catch your eye, heart, or mind.
The other themes evolved from many conversations, conferences, social media, and
discussions with friends and allies. Otherwise, have fun exploring. Hit the books,
MOOCs, or the movies – lots to choose from and mostly FREE!
If you have any suggestions for the next edition, email me at kathy.dunster@kpu.ca
Kathy Dunster, 21 June 2018 from lháytayich (Pentlach / K’ómoks Territory)

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Indigenous Issues | Reconciliation | Decolonization
In 2015 the component associations of the CSLA (including BCSLA) ratified the Canadian Landscape Charter (CLC). http://www.csla-aapc.ca/charter There are five Core
Principles that define a standard for the practice of landscape architecture in Canada:
• Recognize landscapes as vital: By ensuring that all landscapes are understood and respected
for their geographic, cultural, heritage, social, aesthetic, economic and environmental values,
whether as cultural and/or natural features, or as physical and/or abstract entities. By ensuring
that all landscapes are considered, from the most precious and well-known to the most ignored
and spoiled, whether they are wild, rural or urban.
• Consider all peoples: By increasing the awareness and understanding of the traditional values,
ecological knowledge and practices of the various Canadian communities, including First Nations, Inuit, and Métis Peoples, which relate to customary stewardship of the land, and by considering these values and practices in both management and design.
• Inspire stewardship: By embracing new knowledge, practices and tools together with traditional ecological knowledge and practices.
• Expand knowledge: By acknowledging that our understanding of the natural and cultural processes that create landscapes is incomplete, and that those processes are dynamic, not static. By
seeking a better understanding of the links between landscapes and governance, culture, physical and mental health, economic development and environment. By identifying and assessing the
complex, multi-dimensional and interdependent values of landscapes, regardless of temporal
and spatial scales and origin, as a primary tool for sustainable landscape management.
• Show leadership: By inspiring through principles, guidelines and metrics, exchanges on the subject of landscape amongst institutions, complementary disciplines and the general population
across Canada; and by encouraging knowledge development and sharing, recognition of best
practices, collaboration and outreach amongst multidisciplinary practitioners.

1 Download the Canadian Landscape Charter, absorb it, and take another step
onto the path: Individual members are encouraged to endorse the CLC http://www.
csla-aapc.ca/endorse Consistent with the CLC principles, in November 2016 the
CSLA Board of Directors established the Indigenous Issues Task Force (IITF) with
a mandate to prepare a discussion paper on the findings and recommendations of the
Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada. A BC regional working group was
activated in 2017 and undertook an environmental scan of the state of knowledge in
BC.That information is being used to inform preparation of a forthcoming (late-2018)
national (CSLA) discussion paper.

Meanwhile, here are some CE resources to help you get started on the path, or to
expand the knowledge you already have. What follows is not exhaustive or is necessarily the definitive or final word. But it is easily accessible, will help you walk along the
Reconciliation Path, and will point you in various self-learning directions.
2 BC is home to 203 First Nations. The BC Assembly of First Nations has profile
pages and a map to help you get to know them, where they are located, and their
contact information: http://bcafn.ca/community-profiles/
3 The BC Government has a legal obligation to meaningfully consult, accommodate and receive the consent of First Nations on land and resource decisions that
could impact their interests (FPIC)[BC has stated that it wishes to operate within
the framework of UNDRIP, see below)] For some basic resources related to working
with First Nations in BC https://www2.gov.bc.ca/gov/content/environment/naturalresource-stewardship/consulting-with-first-nations
The BC Ministry of Indigenous Relations and Reconciliation provides advice
and guidance in First Nations consultation, reconciliation. https://www2.gov.bc.ca/
gov/content/governments/organizational-structure/ministries-organizations/ministries/indigenous-relations-reconciliation
For Indigenous people land is more than simple geography or ownership of “property.” Land roots and connects spirit, belonging, being, and way of life to the ancestors.
A few Treaties may have been signed over a hundred years ago during the Colonial
period, but they are still valid, living legal documents that must be upheld – particularly
when they assigned the rights to land, water and resources to a First Nation. Treaty
Texts are here http://www.aadnc-aandc.gc.ca/eng/1370373165583/1370373202340
Relevant to BC are the Douglas Treaties (Vancouver Island) and Treaty 8 in northeastern BC. Currently before the BC Supreme Court are two separate civil claims
filed by the West Moberly and Prophet River First Nations, members of the Treaty 8
Tribal Association whose treaty rights are directly affected by the proposed Site C
Hydro Dam Project.
The Site C Dam, which has been proposed since the 1970s and has been opposed
by First Nations for the same duration of time, would create a reservoir 83 km long
with a surface area of 9,310 hectares. Construction of the dam could impact up to
337 archaeological sites that have been recorded in its identified study area and would
impact Treaty 8 First Nations’ constitutionally protected treaty rights.
http://www.peacevalley.ca/

https://keepingthepeace.wordpress.com/

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6sO3t-0UADs&feature=share
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oUpPzEYzY5k
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4 Learn more about the Royal Proclamation of 1763 by watching the 20-minute
documentary Broken Covenant produced by the Mennonite Church of Canada https://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=vhTg4hUG548 Dig deeper by listening to Justice Murray Sinclair, Senator and former chair of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of
Canada, discuss the Proclamation and its implications for the nation-to-nation relationships between the Indigenous peoples of Turtle Island (North America) and specifically, Canada (30 minutes). https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dSQsyZDGoX0
5 UNDRIP – Wherever you are working on this beautiful planet, the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples was adopted by the
General Assembly in 2007 (Canada initially voted against). In 2016, Canada officially
adopted UNDRIP and promised to fully implement it https://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=yOCmEHdqoPc Beyond the symbolism of land acknowledgements wherever you are working, you should be aware that UNDRIP addresses the rights of Indigenous peoples to the lands, territories, and resources which they have traditionally
owned, occupied or otherwise used or acquired. Indigenous peoples have the right to
own, use, develop, and control the lands, territories, and resources that they possess
by reason of traditional ownership or other traditional occupation or use, as well as
those which they have otherwise [re]-acquired.
You can download the UNDRIP document here: https://www.un.org/development/
desa/indigenouspeoples/declaration-on-the-rights-of-indigenous-peoples.html
Kairos Canada summarizes the history of UNDRIP and FPIC here https://www.
kairoscanada.org/what-we-do/indigenous-rights/free-prior-informed-consent
6 Free Prior and Informed Consent (FPIC) is a specific right of Indigenous
peoples and is recognized in UNDRIP Article 19. It allows Indigenous peoples to
give or withhold consent to a project that may affect them or their territories. Once
they have given their consent, they can withdraw it at any stage. Furthermore, FPIC
enables them to negotiate the conditions under which the project will be designed,
implemented, monitored and evaluated.
The UN Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) has a 2-page
FPIC Summary here https://www.ohchr.org/Documents/Issues/IPeoples/FreePriorandInformedConsent.pdf The UN FAO has a practitioner’s manual: Free Prior and
Informed Consent: An indigenous peoples’ right and a good practice for local communities
https://www.un.org/development/desa/indigenouspeoples/publications/2016/10/freeprior-and-informed-consent-an-indigenous-peoples-right-and-a-good-practice-forlocal-communities-fao/
Consultation is a component of FPIC and the Duty to Consult is embedded in Section 35 of the Canadian Constitution Act (1982). The easiest to read explanation that I
have found so far, which describes the consultation continuum, including meaningful
and deep is here http://www.cba.org/cba/cle/PDF/ADM09_Veale_slides.pdf
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7 Bill C-262 On April 21, 2016 Indigenous MP Romeo Saganash presented a
Private Members Bill: An Act to ensure that the laws of Canada are in harmony with the
United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (short form: The United
Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples Act). Five elements are
identified in C-262 as essential to implementation of UNDRIP in Canada: The key
principles that must guide implementation of the Declaration; clear public affirmation that the standards set out in the UNDRIP have “application in Canadian law”;
a process for the review of federal legislation to ensure consistency with the minimum standards set out in UNDRIP; requires the federal government to work with
Indigenous peoples to develop a national action plan to implement UNDRIP; provide
for transparency and accountability by requiring annual reporting to Parliament on
progress made toward implementation of UNDRIP. Bill C-262 had its 2nd Reading
on February 7, 2018 and was referred to Committee (Parliamentary Standing Committee on Indigenous and Northern Affairs), which met 11 times, heard 71 delegations and witnesses, and referred it back to Parliament with no changes. On May 30th
2018 the 3rd Reading passed 206 to 79 and was sent to the Senate for 1st reading
on May 31st. Full text here http://www.parl.ca/DocumentViewer/en/42-1/bill/C-262/
first-reading To follow progress go here: http://www.parl.ca/LegisInfo/BillDetails.aspx
?Language=en&Mode=1&billId=8160636
And read this by Bob Joseph 21Things You May Not Know About the Indian Act
and buy the book https://www.ictinc.ca/books/21-things-you-may-not-know-aboutthe-indian-act also follow the link at top right to free ebooks
8 Learn the Truth: Over 150,000 Indigenous children were removed and sepaoperated across Canada by churches and other agencies. Most stopped operating by
the mid-1970s but the last federally-run school closed in the late 1990s. In May 2006,
the Indian Residential School Settlement Agreement was approved by all parties to the
Agreement and implementation began in 2007 with the aim of bringing a fair and lasting resolution to the legacy of the Indian Residential Schools (IRS). In 2008 the Government of Canada issued a Statement of Apology to former students of Indian Residential Schools http://www.aadnc-aandc.gc.ca/eng/1100100015644/1100100015649
9 If you grew up in Canada, did you live near a Residential School? Check out
this interactive map from the CBC http://www.cbc.ca/news2/interactives/beyond-94residential-school-map/
10 In 2009, the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada began a
multi-year process to listen to IRS survivors, communities and others affected by the
Residential School system. The resulting collection of statements, documents and
other materials now forms the heart of the National Centre for Truth and Reconciliation located at the University of Manitoba. https://nctr.ca/map.php
11 For deeper reading, download “Honouring the Truth, Reconciling for the
Future, Vol. 1 Summary Report”. You can find this at http://nctr.ca/reports2.php
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12 1n 2015 the TRC published 94 Calls to Action in response to the hearings into
the history and legacy of Canada’s residential school system for Indigenous children. Reconciliation cannot happen until non-Indigenous Canadians learn the Truth,
learning the Truth cannot happen without engaging personally with Indigenous
people and their communities. http://www.trc.ca/websites/trcinstitution/File/2015/
Findings/Calls_to_Action_English2.pdf
13 Deconstruct, unsettle, and banish any stereotypes you have of Indigenous people in your heart, mind, or community http://mythperceptions.ca/
14 Read this article by Dr Jeffrey Schiffer Why Aboriginal Peoples Can’t Just “Get
Over It” http://www.heretohelp.bc.ca/visions/indigenous-people-vol11/why-aboriginal-peoples-cant-just-get-over-it
15 Acknowledging our personal and collective roles in this colonial mess and the
struggle for Indigenous survival is essential to understanding 12 above. Kiera Ladner
and Myra Tait have co-edited Surviving Canada: Indigenous Peoples Celebrate
150 Years of Betrayal (2017, ARP Books) which includes essays, art, and literature
on topics such as The Indian Act, Idle No More, and the legacy of residential schools
covered by a wide range of elders, scholars, artists, and activists including Mary Eberts, Buffy Sainte-Marie, and Leroy Little Bear. https://arpbooks.org/Books/S/Surviving-Canada Learn more about cultural genocide, particularly the colonial takedown
of the 1921Cranmer Potlatch (Kwakwaka’wakw) https://beta.humanrights.ca/story/
bringing-the-ancestors-home

18 Assembly of First Nations (AFN) has developed a tool kit “designed to bring
together First Nations and non-First Nations people and foster a spirit of cooperation, understanding, and action”. https://education.afn.ca/toolkit/
19 Take a MOOC. From time to time UBC offers a free online course Reconciliation Through Indigenous Education https://www.edx.org/course/reconciliationthrough-indigenous-education-0 University of Alberta offers a free, very popular,
and highly-regarded course developed by Dr. Paul Gareau that explores Indigenous
histories and contemporary issues in Canada https://www.ualberta.ca/admissionsprograms/online-courses/indigenous-canada to hear a CBC interview about this
MOOC go to https://www.cbc.ca/i/caffeine/syndicate/?mediaId=1197414979816
20 Reconciliation Canada is a not-for-profit organization providing programs and
initiatives to inspire reconciliation and positive change in communities throughout
Canada http://reconciliationcanada.ca/ They have resources and tools, such as guides
to planning your own reconciliation event http://reconciliationcanada.ca/resources/
toolkits/

16 Look at more maps. Understand territories, traditional territories, overlapping
and shared territories, treaty territories – they can be different, and some mapping
information is protected. Whose land, ancestors, and languages are you standing on?
Who made the map and for what purpose? Just because a map is unavailable online
does not mean the map is non-existent. And just because a place is not on a map
does not mean it’s not there. First People’s Language Map of BC http://maps.fphlcc.ca/
What nations are directly affected by pipelines? http://www.tribalnationsmaps.com/
uploads/1/0/4/5/10451178/pipeline.pdf Here’s the ëíə (Katzie) First Nation perspective on territorial overlaps, as one example https://www.katzie.org/view-on-overlaps The 4-volume Indigenous Peoples Atlas of Canada (2018), including an online
interactive atlas and other resources, is a multi-year TRC collaboration between the
Royal Canadian Geographical Society, and national Indigenous organizations, and the
National Centre for Truth and Reconciliation. https://indigenouspeoplesatlasofcanada.
ca/

21 Acknowledgements: Territory acknowledgements help disrupt and dismantle
colonial structures such as land ownership and jurisdiction. Beginning a meeting or
event with a land acknowledgement is one very small step in the complicated and
continuous process of personal, corporate, and institutional decolonization. If you
say it, you must mean it. Understanding world history is key. Land acknowledgements are a symbolic way to counteract the ideologies, policies, and practices that
followed from the “Doctrine of Discovery” (Papal Bulls of Discovery), issued by the
pope in 1493, which gave approval for Christian explorers, in the name of their sovereign, to lay claim to territories previously uninhabited by Christians. If the lands were
perceived to be vacant, then they could be defined as “discovered” and sovereignty
was then claimed. In 1494, the Treaty of Tordesillas declared that only non-Christian
lands could be colonized under the Doctrine of Discovery and the pope divided up
the planet, giving half to Spain and the other half to Portugal. Indigenous peoples in
the Americas were considered non-human, and because they were not Christians
the land was deemed terra nullius, or “nobody’s land” and was therefore free for the
taking. These concepts have had an enduring impact on Indigenous peoples and established their right to redress under Articles 28 and 37 of the UNDRIP. In 2012 the
UN formally denounced the “Doctrine of Discovery and other morally condemnable,
socially unjust, and racist policies used for centuries by colonizers as legal justification
to disenfranchise indigenous peoples and seize their lands.” https://www.un.org/press/
en/2012/hr5099.doc.htm

17 The Federation of Post-Secondary Educators of BC have published “Whose Land
Is It Anyway? A Manual for Decolonization”. Inspired by a 2016 speaking tour
by the late Arthur Manuel, there are two essays from Manuel and essays from 12
renowned Indigenous writers. Free download (pdf or ebook links at bottom) https://
fpse.ca/decolonization_manual_whose_land_is_it_anyway

22 To read more background from the UN, including statements from Indigenous
people harmed by the Doctrine aof Discovery and terra nullius: https://www.un.org/
press/en/2012/hr5088.doc.htm Also, read Ken Coates #IDLENOMORE and the
Remaking of Canada (2015) https://www.strongnations.com/store/item_display.
php?i=5538&f=3109,2754,2795

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23 Try this website for even more reading and resources on the Doctrine of Discovery http://www.doctrineofdiscovery.org/index.htm
24 A land or territory acknowledgement recognizes up front that your current presence on colonized land means that you are inherently benefiting from an oppressive
system that evolved from the Doctrine of Discovery and terra nullius. By acknowledging, you further acknowledge that the system continues to allow the gross inequalities faced by Indigenous peoples to endure. “Merely mouthing the names of local Indigenous nations does not automatically confer understanding.” Read what Chelsea Vowel
has to say http://apihtawikosisan.com/2016/09/beyond-territorial-acknowledgments/
25 Colonial history: Intergenerational Trauma and Making Peace With European Heritage, with Lyla June Johnston, a Diné (Navajo) and Tsétsêhéstâhese
(Cheyenne) scholar from New Mexico https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=06vMG
p2GGY4&feature=share is part of a series of A Worldview Apart podcasts by Eric
Garza http://ericgarza.info/podcast/ See also Lyla June Johnston’s “The Story of How
Humanity Fell in Love with Itself Once Again” https://writingforpeace.org/howhumanity-fell-in-love-with-itself-once-again-by-lyla-june-johnston/
26 Decolonizing: Yes! Magazine (Spring 2018) has devoted an entire issue ,“The
Decolonize Issue”, to articles from around the world on decolonizing and dismantling
oppressive domination. https://www.yesmagazine.org/issues/decolonize
27 Vancouver Public Library has a resource guide to point you towards some
helpful websites and places for information on many issues and topics, including lists
of recommended books and other resources held within the VPL catalogue http://
guides.vpl.ca/indigenouspeoples Vancouver Island Regional Library hosts Indigenous Voices events across its region http://virl.bc.ca/indigenous-voices The Okanagan Regional Library provides Read for Reconciliation resources such as booklists,
and hosts readings and workshops. https://read-reconcile-okanagan.ca/
28 Writing about Indigenous peoples and getting it ‘write’: Elements of Indigenous Style: A Guide for Writing by and about Indigenous Peoples (2018) by Gregory
Younging is the first published Indigenous style guide and is excellent and essential
for anyone creating works that reference Indigenous peoples and First Nations. The
Guide covers 22 style principles, editing, cultural rights, and culturally appropriate
publishing practices and process, as well as the historical portrayal of Indigenous
peoples in literature. Ebook or hard copy well worth the $20 investment. https://
www.brusheducation.ca/books/elements-of-indigenous-style#author_65
29 CBC Indigenous: tune in for news, culture, music, and much more. https://www.
cbc.ca/news/indigenous CBC Everything Indigenous provides links to programs
that explore the Indigenous experience across Canada, from docs to interviews to
dramas. https://watch.cbc.ca/category/everything-indigenous/featured-all/fc9505b40cb5-4a16-aadf-863654041afb
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30 Vancouver Co-op Radio 100.5 FM and on the web at http://www.coopradio.
org/content/cfro-1005fm is the host station for several Indigenous programs including arts, music, culture, language, news, and current affairs. Listen live on a real radio,
via the internet and on podcasts. Think NDN - local First Nations artists, community leaders, activists, elders, traditional performers and role models sharing stories,
talent and community news on Mondays 9-10pm | sne’waylh - aboriginal languagelearning program on Tuesdays 1-2pm | Kla How Ya FM current affairs on Thursdays
5 – 6 PM | Late Night with Savages - indigenous programming covering traditional
and contemporary artists, musical releases, and current cultural affairs on Wednesdays 11pm- midnight
31 Also have a listen at Reporting in Indigenous Communities to hear stories
gathered by students in a course offered at the UBC Graduate School of Journalism
http://indigenousreporting.com/
32 June 21 is National Indigenous Day in Canada and June is Indigenous History Month. CBC TV has a dedicated site with quick links to docs and short docs
you can watch online. https://watch.cbc.ca/category/through-our-eyes-indigenousshort-docs/featured-all/49e1596f-58c9-423f-9799-486ddedec3b4

33 CBC: Unreserved http://www.cbc.ca/radio/unreserved for current affairs and
Reclaimed for music and culture https://www.cbcmusic.ca/programs/reclaimed
34 Stay current on Indigenous News around Turtle Island by subscribing to a weekly
email (Wednesday) from the Animikii Indigenous News River containing Indigenous news related to community, youth, technology, & business. http://www.animikii.
com/news-river
35 APTN News and cultural programming by, on, and for Indigenous people is
online and through cable TV (Aboriginal Peoples Television Network) http://
aptn.ca/
36 Read some books by Indigenous authors to deepen your learning. A few
choices below, for example,
fiction / creative non-fiction / sci-fi Richard Wagamese Medicine Walk:A Novel (2014);
Ruby Slipperjack These Are My Words: The Residential School Diary of Violet Pesheens
(2016); David Alexander Robertson Sugar Falls: A Residential School Story (2011); Katherena Vermette The Break (2016); Jeannette Armstrong Slash (1990); Patti LaBoucaneBenson The Outside Circle: A Graphic Novel (2015); Sylvia Olsen, Rita Morris, and Ann
Sam No Time to Say Goodbye: Children’s Stories of Kuper Island Residential School (2001);
Leanne Betasamosake Simpson Islands of Decolonial Love (2013); Eden Robinson Son
of a Trickster (2017); Cherie Dimaline The Marrow Thieves (2017).
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non-fiction Sheila Watt-Cloutier The Right to be Cold: One Woman’s Story of Protecting
Her Culture, the Arctic and the Whole Planet (2015); Lee Maracle My Conversations with
Canadians (2017); Arthur Manuel and Ronald Derrickson Unsettling Canada (2015)
and The Reconciliation Manifesto: Recovering the Land Rebuilding the Economy (2017); Bev
Sellars Price Paid: The Fight for First Nations Survival (2016); Katherena Vermette (ed)
Impact: Colonialism In Canada (2017); Thomas King The Inconvenient Indian: A Curious Account of Native People in North America (2013); Chelsea Vowel Indigenous Writes: A Guide
to First Nations, Métis, and Inuit issues in Canada (2016); Elsie Paul Written as I Remember
It: Teachings From the Life of a Sliammon Elder (2014); Kay Johnston The Amazing Mazie
Baker: The Squamish Nation’s Warrior Elder (2016); Wendy Wickwire and Harry Robinson Living By Stories: A Journey of Landscape and Memory (2005).
poetry Rosanna Deerchild Calling Down the Sky (2015); Gregory Scofield Witness, I
am (2016); Louise Bernice-Halfe Burning in This Midnight Dream (2016); Marilyn Dumont The Pemmican Eaters (2015); Philip Kevin Paul Taking the Names Down from the
Hill (2003); Katherena Vermette North End Love Songs (2012); Leanne Betasamosake
Simpson This Accident of Being Lost (2017).
More reading suggestions:
BC BookWorld has a searchable database of authors: use the keyword “Indigenous”
https://abcbookworld.com/search-home/
CBC Indigenous writers list: http://www.cbc.ca/books/108-indigenous-writers-toread-as-recommended-by-you-1.4197475
37 Find a deeper decolonization reading list here: https://docs.google.com/
document/d/1Hrxir_IMWU48ye1_WuIEF4DvxQ1R7HOEY1kiIaSk9Tk/edit
38 Read an online magazine - WIOT Magazine is “a response to the growing wave
of consciousness towards Indigenous voices across the country. We’re writers, artists, activists, filmmakers, scholars, knowledge keepers, and generally awesome doers. Our strength is
rooted in community, and we’re all contributing to it in our own way.” Includes audio episodes from National Centre for Truth and Reconciliation. http://workingitouttogether.
com/?id=16
39 Watch some livestream films.As part of their Indigenous Action Plan, the National
Film Board has curated a website for Indigenous filmmakers and their work. https://
www.nfb.ca/indigenous-cinema/?&film_lang=en&sort=year:desc,title&year=1917
40 The City of Vancouver has declared itself a “City of Reconciliation” and provides background on what that actually means, as well as information on the Indigenous communities in Vancouver https://vancouver.ca/people-programs/indigenouscommunities.aspx

12

41 Visit the UBC Museum of Anthropology in person https://moa.ubc.ca/ or
view their collections online – do a keyword search of the First Nations on whose
unceded lands you live, work, and play http://collection-online.moa.ubc.ca/ Check out
the MOA commitment to UNDRIP and Indigenous access and engagement. Over in
Victoria, the Royal BC Museum https://www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca/ is where you
can find information on collections, repatriation of cultural objects, the Vancouver
Island Treaties, archival material and more.
42 Visit First Nations museums, cultural centres, and heritage sites – the best place to
find information is though Indigenous Tourism BC, where you can find a trip planner, events, and locations of places to visit https://www.indigenousbc.com/ or check
out the Indigenous Tourism Association of Canada. (ITAC) https://indigenoustourism.ca/en/ Be an active visitor: engage, ask questions, absorb everything. Heading up-Island? Visit the U’mista Cultural Centre https://www.umista.ca/ and learn
about their work to ensure the survival of all aspects of the cultural heritage of the
Kwakwakaʼwakw with a special focus on potlatch https://umistapotlatch.ca/ Heading to Whistler? Visit the Squamish Lil’wat Cultural Centre https://slcc.ca/ In the
Okanagan (Penticton), the En’owkin Centre of the Syilx (Okanagan) First People’s
validates their culture, heritage and identity through various programs. http://www.
enowkincentre.ca/home.html
43 UBC Library is located on the traditional, ancestral, and unceded territory of
the həëəmiə speaking xʷməθkʷəəm (Musqueam) people. It has resources to
deepen understanding of what that means through a web resource called Musqueam:
Land Beneath Our Feet http://guides.library.ubc.ca/Musqueam The Xwi7xwa Library
at UBC is a centre for academic and community Indigenous scholarship and has collections accessible to anyone looking for Aboriginal approaches to teaching, learning,
scholarship, and research.
44 Library and Archives Canada is the portal into the federal government holdings, including research guides and finding aids, digital material, and virtual exhibits
http://www.bac-lac.gc.ca/eng/discover/aboriginal-heritage/Pages/introduction.aspx
45 The Royal BC Museum and BC Archives is the place to go to for video, audio,
visual and documents from first contact to the present. https://royalbcmuseum.bc.ca/
collections-areas#ethnology-collection They are currently working on the return of
cultural treasures (repatriation) to First Nations and in response to the TRC are
collaborating with FN to make their holdings more accessible and more compatible with Indigenous ways of knowing https://royalbcmuseum.bc.ca/first-nations/firstnations-repatriation The Spring 2017 edition of the RBCM eJournal Curious has 12
essays by Indigenous scholars that relate their ways of knowing, and their personal
connections to specific (impersonal) holdings in the RBCM/Archives https://curious.
royalbcmuseum.bc.ca/
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46 Indigenous Language Fonts. How do you get an upside down ə or an θ ?
There are several sources for Indigenous fonts, and usually requires switching out an
installed language such as the English (United Kingdom) or any unused language, and
installing an open access or free font such as Aboriginal Sans, which you make as your
default font, and then the glyphs will work when you switch the language.

Parks Canada (PC) is a lead agency in Canada and has done pioneering work to
bring science-based knowledge and traditional /indigenous ecological knowledge together - whether for national parks and protected areas planning and management or
species and ecosystems at risk planning and management. The PC Indigenous Affairs
Branch is your portal https://www.pc.gc.ca/en/agence-agency/aa-ia

• Aboriginal Sans https://www.wfonts.com/font/aboriginal-sans
• Aboriginal Serif https://www.wfonts.com/font/aboriginal-serif
• Gentium https://software.sil.org/gentium/
• Lucida Grande https://www.wfonts.com/font/lucida-grande
• Lucida Sans Unicode http://fontsgeek.com/fonts/Lucida-Sans-Unicode-Regular

Key PC background documents:

Read the “readme’s” as some can be twitchy or will not work on the OS you might
have, and some do not convert to pdf format. If you are having keyboard trouble try
https://help.keyman.com/keyboard/ Keyman also has links to downloadable fonts.

49
Promising Pathways https://www.pc.gc.ca/en/agence-agency/aa-ia/parcourspathways

UBC has developed the First Nations Unicode - a Windows/Mac font that has
diacretics, glyphs, and orthographs for some FN languages across Turtle Island https://
fnel.arts.ubc.ca/resources/font/ Language Geek has keyboards for all the Salishan
dialects including both Interior and Coastal and many more organised by language
group. http://www.languagegeek.com/keyboard_general/all_keyboards.html Another
site for desktop keyboards is First Voices (part of First Peoples’ Cultural Council)
https://www.firstvoices.com/ who have just released (June 23, 2018) an Indigenous
language keyboard app for Apple and Android mobile devices. https://www.firstvoices.
com/content/apps/
SENĆOŦEN, the language of the SÁNEĆ First Nations on the Saanich Peninsula, is
one of the one of the Coast Salish group of languages that is written mainly in uppercase alphabet. They also have a new dictionary! http://www.washington.edu/uwpress/
search/books/MONSEN.html
In June 2017 the Tla’amin Nation gifted the word qathet (working together) to the
Powell River Regional District and the name qathet Regional District (qRD) was
approved by BC on July 5, 2018. quathet is intentionally lowercase because tla’amin
traditional orthography does not include uppercase http://www.powellriverrd.
bc.ca/2018/07/qathet-regional-district-a-new-identity/
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TEK | Indigenous Ecological Knowledge | Local Knowledge
47 First Nations in BC Knowledge Network has resources to point you down
the path, including traditional knowledge, lands and resources, and community services https://fnbc.info/navigation-category/traditional-knowledge
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48 State of Canada’s Natural and Cultural Heritage Places 2016: Working
Together With Indigenous Peoples https://www.pc.gc.ca/en/docs/pc/rpts/elnhcscnhp/2016/index

50 The Land is Our Teacher (2015) https://www.pc.gc.ca/en/agence-agency/aa-ia/
terre-land
51 Links to specific Parks Canada projects incorporating Indigenous ecological
knowledge https://www.pc.gc.ca/en/nature/science/autochtones-indigenous
52 The Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC)
has an 8-step process for bringing Aboriginal Traditional Knowledge into the
assessment of wildlife species (prior to any potential listing under the Species at Risk
Act). There is no generic practice across the country – every Nation is unique and
may have different or locally specific protocols, consultation processes, research ethics, and guidelines. https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/
committee-status-endangered-wildlife/aboriginal-traditional-knowledge.html
53 The Indigenous Circle of Experts (ICE) released a report, We Rise Together,
in March 2018 which sets out biodiversity conservation goals and targets for how
Canada will “by 2020, ensure that at least 17% of terrestrial areas and inland water, and
10% of coastal and marine areas, are conserved through networks of protected areas and
other effective area-based conservation measures.” Achieving the 17% Target will now
happen through the creation of Indigenous Protected and Conserved Areas
in the spirit and practice of reconciliation. http://www.conservation2020canada.ca/
who-we-are/ watch a video summary of the report here https://www.youtube.com/
watch?time_continue=1&v=THFAJS-XgVM
Here’s a clip showing how the ICE process went in western Canada https://www.
youtube.com/watch?v=zvw5djVRjE0
54 Alberta has a helpful Best Practices Handbook for Traditional Use Studies http://
indigenous.alberta.ca/documents/tsu_BP_Internet_Handbook.pdf
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55 And if you are looking to move your office or studio into a shared creative space
have a look at Reconciliation Zones: “innovative shared work spaces that are specifically designed for and dedicated to Reconciliation, Biodiversity, and Sustainability” – there’s
one happening in Victoria https://www.reconciliationzones.ca/

Cultural Survival + Resilience + Land Struggles
56 Resilience,The National Billboard Exhibition Project (2018) is an Indigenous
response to Call to Action #79 of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission Report:
the integration of “Indigenous history, heritage values, and memory practices into Canada’s
national heritage and history.” Installations for this cross-country highway billboard exhibition counter the historical erasure of Indigenous women's bodies and the exclusion of their art and places the pieces on highways where many Indigenous women
have disappeared. Images by 50 First Nations, Inuit, and Métis women artists embody
the multitude of connections and contradictions that constitute contemporary Indigenous identities whose voices can no longer be ignored or mis-interpreted. https://
resilienceproject.ca/en/
57 Gabrielle L’Hirondelle Hill & Sophie McCall have edited The Land We Are:
Artists + Writers Unsettle the Politics of Reconciliation (2015) a four-year collaboration between artists and scholars actively engaged in resurgence, resilience,
and decolonization from both settler and Indigenous viewpoints. For a review in BC
Studies go to https://www.bcstudies.com/?q=book-reviews/land-we-are-artists-andwriters-unsettle-politics-reconciliation to order: https://arpbooks.org/
58 Richard William Hill has written a short article highlighting “10 Indigenous Artworks that Changed How We Imagine Ourselves” in Canadian Art April 28, 2016 https://
canadianart.ca/features/ten-indigenous-artworks-changed-imagine/
59 Christi Belcourt is a Métis artist, read her artist statement and explore her
works that amplify the need for social change and justice for Indigenous Peoples
http://christibelcourt.com/artist-statement/

62 Thom Henley, an environmental educator and rights advocate, co-founded with
Haida Elders the first wilderness Rediscovery camp on Haida Gwaii in1978 and
since then the Rediscovery International Foundation has reconnected Indigenous and
non-Indigenous youth to the land, culture, and their communities increasing understanding and strengthening bonds between cultures in camps around the world and
has become a global model for reconciliation and cultural resilience. http://rediscovery.org/ His new memoir Raven Walks Around the World (2017) tells the story of Rediscovery, his role in the creation of Gwaii Haanas National Park, and his global work for
social and environmental justice.
63 Indigenous Climate Action is the Indigenous-led climate justice organization
in Canada. https://www.indigenousclimateaction.com/ Climate change is a major issue
for Indigenous Peoples in Canada because it has broad impacts on their territories,
and affects rights and way of life. Indigenous resilience to climate change is not limited to BC, and there is much to learn from elsewhere – impacts, perspectives, new
pathways forward. A good place to start is with this compendium of essays edited
by Zoltan Grossman and Alan Parker (eds.) Asserting Native Resilience: Pacific Rim Indigenous Nations Face the Climate Crisis (2012) http://osupress.oregonstate.edu/book/
asserting-native-resilience
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MOOCS + More
Massive Open Online Courses (aka MOOCs) are online courses coordinated
by www.mooc.org MOOC.org is an extension of edX, a leader in online learning
and education. Courses are offered tuition-free and are accessible to anyone with
internet, anywhere. Length of course depends on the topic and the course developer,
who is usually someone attached to a post-secondary institution somewhere on the
planet. Some are self-paced while others have weekly timetables. Go here to search
the catalogue https://www.mooc-list.com/

60 Rebecca Belmore is a respected interdisciplinary Anishinaabekwe artist recognized for her politically conscious and socially aware performance and installation
works. http://www.rebeccabelmore.com/home.html See for example, Worth (2010)
performed outside of VAG https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cv9DfVAzok4

64 For example, “Public Good: Dutch Urbanism”, an 8-week course/ 4 to 6 hours per
week https://www.mooc-list.com/course/urban-design-public-good-dutch-urbanismedx and the University of Michigan offers “Principles of Designing for Humans”, a
self-paced 4-week course/ 3 to 4 hours per week https://www.edx.org/course/principles-designing-humans-michiganx-ux503x

61 Seek out the work of Lawrence Paul Yuxweluptun (Quw'utsun/Cowichan
and Okanagan). http://lawrencepaulyuxweluptun.com/ If you missed his solo exhibition at the UBC MOA in 2016, read the book that accompanied the exhibition, Lawrence Paul Yuxweluptun: Unceded Territories (Karen Duffek and Tania Willard, eds. 2016,
UBC Museum of Anthropology). Buy one and donate it to your local library.

65 Open edX https://open.edx.org/ is where you can go if you want to develop
and offer to teach a MOOC course yourself. And there is something quite lovely
about the fact that the platform for Open edX is called “Ginkgo”.

16

17

66 Open Culture is a website http://www.openculture.com coordinated by Dan
Coleman, Director of Stanford University Continuing Studies. This site sources free
online courses, MOOCs, ebooks, movies, language lessons, audio books, art inspiration, spoken word recordings (e.g. if you ever wanted to hear Allen Ginsberg read
Howl or JRR Tolkien reading from The Two Towers, the second book of The Lord of
the Rings trilogy, this is a great place to seek enlightenment). e.g. a free course from
MIT, “Architecture Studio: Building in Landscapes” http://www.openculture.com/architecture-studio-building-in-landscapes-a-free-course-from-mit

71 Landscape Conversations http://www.landscapeconversations.com/
If you are interested in hearing podcasts about land and food systems, the best of
food-related podcasts, covering many topics, can be found through FoodTank
https://foodtank.com/news/2018/08/announcing-food-talk-with-dani-nierenbergfood-podcast/

67 Canvas Network https://www.canvas.net/ was created with the intention of
promoting openness, innovation, and experimentation in education, and to give back
to the academic community. Use the search feature to see what free courses are on
offer in the catalog, e.g., Oregon State University offers “Introduction to Permaculture
Design.”

73 Sasaki Podcast: Design Chatter https://soundcloud.com/user-337599695

68 Project Gutenberg http://www.gutenberg.org/ offers over 50,000 free ebooks
in the public domain, mostly because the copyright has expired. Many are out-of-print
or hard to find. This is the place to go for classics such as Walden by Henry David
Thoreau, Lectures on Landscape by John Ruskin, Garden Design and Architects’ Gardens
and The Wild Garden by William Robinson, Wood and Garden by Gertrude Jekyll, and A
Woman’s Hardy Garden by Helena Rutherford Ely (1930).
69 Librivox https://librivox.org/ has a catalog of free public domain audiobooks
read by volunteers from around the world, e.g. you can listen to someone reading Lectures on Landscape by John Ruskin or all four volumes (20 books) of Pliny the Elder’s
The Natural History published back around 77-79 CE (Volumes 3 and 4 are where you
will find everything the world knew about plants, their uses, care, and cultivation 2000
years ago).
70 NextGenU http://www.nextgenu.org/ is a portal to the world’s first free, accredited, higher education with a focus on health sciences. They have developed a
free Climate Change and Health online course http://www.nextgenu.org/course/
view.php?id=73#0 and a course on Environmental Health http://www.nextgenu.org/
course/view.php?id=52#0
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Podcasts | Online Audio Broadcasts
Podcasts are digital audio files downloadable on demand from the Internet to a computer or mobile device via iTunes, Soundcloud and other platforms, often as a series.
A few examples follow:

18

72 Disruptive Technologies from APA https://www.planning.org/multimedia/podcasts/

74 Native Plant Podcast series https://www.nativeplantpodcast.com/
75 99% Invisible – enriching podcasts about “all the thought that goes into the things
we don’t think about”. https://99percentinvisible.org/about/the-show/
76 CBC Massey Lectures – the archive to deeply enrichen your mind, starting
with Barbara Ward “The Rich Nations and The Poor Nations” in 1961 http://www.cbc.ca/
radio/ideas/past-masseys-lectures-1.4439273
77 CBC Ideas – podcasts for the previous 3 months such as Decoding the resistance
to climate change: Are we doomed? (Encore September 14, 2017) and many episodes
on Indigenous issues. http://www.cbc.ca/radio/podcasts/documentaries/the-best-ofideas/
78 ASLA – New York has a podcast series called the Roots of Design featuring history, interviews and stuff about the creative process. http://aslany.org/podcast/?cbg_
tz=240
79 The Landscape Podcast has been put together by Michael Todoran and features the voices of 30 movers and shakers in LA (mostly US) https://itunes.apple.com/
ca/podcast/the-landscape-architecture-podcast/id968245724?mt=2
80 The Cultural Landscape Foundation has researched many pioneers of North
American landscape architecture, and filmed the oral histories of a few, including Cornelia Hahn Oberlander. https://tclf.org/pioneer/oral-history-project
81 Open Space is the official blog and podcast of the National Recreation and Park
Association https://www.nrpa.org/blog/
82 The Green Channel has an edited on-line selection of films about climate
change, habitat destruction, agriculture, alternative energy, endangered species, and
activism. The first 7 days are free so binge watch before you are charged the $10 a
month fee https://thegreenchannel.tv/
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83 KarmaTube http://www.karmatube.org/index.php is a place to go for uplifting, inspirational videos on the environment, art, business, science + tech, and talks +
interviews. To inspire individuals to make a change in their own lives, alongside each
video KarmaTube offers three suggestions for viewers to support the spirit or intention of the video. These can be as simple as reflecting on a topic, reading up on the
subject, planting a tree, or performing a random act of kindness. Films for Action is
another org that has a catalogue of 3000 short docs, videos and films arranged around
topics such as food, sustainability, economics, activism, solutions or big ideas that can
be watched free online. https://www.filmsforaction.org/
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Climate Adaptation | Resilient Places | Low Carbon Resilience
This is a good time and place to review your professional duties and why you have to
adapt your practice.
84 Start by reading Resilient, Transformative and Sustainable: A Positive Approach to a
Changing Future, a position paper prepared by the CSLA Climate Change Adaptation
Committee.
http://www.csla-aapc.ca/sites/csla-aapc.ca/files/CSLA%20CC%20Position%20Paper%20(1).pdf The CSLA work led to asking IFLA top adopt a similar position which we call the IFLA Global Climate Accord and to which CSLA was the
first signatory in Montréal in 2017 http://iflaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/
IFLA_GA_NOV10_Eng.pdf More on the IFLA Global Accord here: http://iflaonline.
org/professional-practice-and-policy/working-groups-and-task-forces/climate-change/
85 For practical reading download the four Adaptation Primers written by Colleen
Mercer Clarke (FCSLA) and Alex Clarke. #1 summarizes current science on climate
change, and what it means for Canada. #2 focuses on framing policy and planning approaches to mitigation and adaptation with special emphasis on building resilience,
designing for positive transformation, and ensuring sustainability in ecosystems and
societies. #3 provides an overview of the opportunities to create resilient communities that enhance public well-being, integrate nature, and ensure a prosperous future.
#4 focuses on the options for response to rising waters, ranging from persisting in
place to migration to better circumstances. http://www.csla-aapc.ca/primers
86 The ASLA Policy on Climate Change Adaptation https://www.asla.org/
uploadedFiles/CMS/About__Us/Climate_Blue_Ribbon/climate%20interactive3.pdf is
supported by a number of background videos featuring “Blue Ribbon” landscape architects. https://www.asla.org/climatepolicies.aspx

20

87 The World Health Organization has released a draft decision on Health, Environment and Climate Change. You can read it here http://www.who.int/globalchange/
mediacentre/events/Ministerial-declaration-EN.pdf For useful infographics and other
resources go here http://www.who.int/globalchange/environment/en/
88 We have reached the point where mitigation is not going to fix our climate changing mistakes. From a cities perspective, ICLEI Canada has a lot of resources such
as archived webinars and other resources http://icleicanada.org/resources/item/69past-webinars and if you are working for a local government that has joined ICLEI,
you have access to much more. Read Changing Climate, Changing Communities: Guide
and Workbook for Municipal Climate Adaptation http://www.icleicanada.org/images/icleicanada/pdfs/GuideWorkbookInfoAnnexes_WebsiteCombo.pdf
89 The Federation of Canadian Municipalities (FCM) has adaptation resources
aimed at local government levels https://www.fcm.ca/home/issues/climate-changeand-resiliency.htm and runs the Partners for Climate Protection Program that
helps with GHG emissions reduction https://www.fcm.ca/home/programs/partnersfor-climate-protection.htm
90 Sea level rise and flooding: CBC Doc Project “Fighting to save your home
from rising waters”. Have a listen (29:11) http://www.cbc.ca/radio/docproject/fighting-to-save-your-home-from-rising-waters-1.4318750?autoplay=true
91 The Pacific Climate Impacts Consortium (PCIC) has data, tools, and resources. https://www.pacificclimate.org/analysis-tools/plan2adapt
92 At the national level, Natural Resources Canada (NRCan) is responsible for
science-based climate change information, research, energy conservation, and adaptation https://www.nrcan.gc.ca/environment/10760
93 The Fraser Basin Council is home to the BC Regional Adaptation Collaborative of NRCan and they are building capacity around key focus areas including:
Community Adaptation, Water Allocation and Use, Coastal Flood Management, Mining Sector Adaptation, Energy Sector Adaptation. Check out their YouTube channel for
21 related videos. https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLEWiJif_KOwvbK9XGMNKzX4hokG9rJ4W
94 In March 2018 the Auditors General (Canada, provinces, and territories) issued
Perspectives on Climate Change Action in Canada—A Collaborative Report from Auditors
General which specifically notes our shortcomings in addressing climate change and
the economic impacts of not addressing climate change. http://www.oag-bvg.gc.ca/
internet/English/parl_otp_201803_e_42883.html

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95 The Community and Regional Resilience Institute (CARRI) has resources
to assist strengthening a community or region’s ability “to prepare for, respond to, and
rapidly recover from significant human caused or natural disaster with minimal downtime for
the community.” http://www.resilientus.org/
96 The Security and Sustainability Forum has an archive of webinars and on the
home page you can sign up for webinar alerts http://securityandsustainabilityforum.
org/archives/webinars
97 The ACT (Adaptation to Climate Change Team) at SFU is a local point
of entry. http://act-adapt.org/lcr-report/ for example, find out more about the local
impacts of extreme weather – flooding, fire, drought…. http://act-adapt.org/category/
programs/extreme-weather-programs/
98 Download and read the ACT Whitepaper - Low Carbon Resilience: Transformative
Climate Change Planning for Canada http://www.toolkit.bc.ca/News/Whitepaper-LowCarbon-Resilience-Transformative-Climate-Change-Planning-Canada
99 Resilience Alliance is a group of researchers working on resilience: assessment
and analysis, theory, scale, ecosystem services, governance, and regime shifts You can
find a repository of resources at https://www.resalliance.org/
100 For further reading download the free book Assessing Resilience in SocialEcological Systems: Workbook for Practitioners https://www.resalliance.org/files/
ResilienceAssessmentV2_2.pdf
101 Ecological Resilience refers to the ability of an ecosystem to maintain key
functions and processes in the face of stresses or pressures, either by resisting or
adapting to change. Resilient systems are characterized as adaptable, flexible, and able
to deal with change and uncertainty. Natural/semi-natural ecosystems and humanconstructs (aka urban ecosystems, agroecosystems, and novel ecosystems).
Again, check out the Resilience Alliance for resources, and have a browse through
https://www.ecologyandsociety.org/ for open access on-line articles on this topic.
NOAA has an extensive climate resilience toolkit for the US - worth scavenging
through https://toolkit.climate.gov/#expertise

103 Our actions in southern Canada have profound direct, indirect, and cumulative
cultural and environmental impacts on the north. The eNuk Program is an integrated environment and health monitoring smart phone app created at the University
of Guelph by, with, and for the Inuit in Rigolet, Nunatsiavut Labrador to monitor in
real-time the changes happening in their home place. Check it out: https://enuk.
eco/?page_id=429
104 Community Resilience describes the ability of a community to utilize all
available resources (energy, communication, transportation, food, shelter, sanitation,
health) to respond to, withstand, and recover from adverse situations whether human-induced disasters such as economic meltdowns, or natural disaster ranging from
flood, fire, earthquake, volcanic eruptions, extreme weather events, total crop (food)
loss due to pests or diseases, all the way to global climate change which is actually
human-induced. The Community and Regional Resilience Institute (part of the Meridian Institute in Washington DC), has developed a Community Resilience System to help communities build resilience and manage risk http://www.resilientus.org/
about-us/what-is-community-resilience/ NIST (US National Institute of Standards
and Technology) published a two-volume guide Community Resilience Planning Guide for
Buildings and Infrastructure Systems https://www.nist.gov/topics/community-resilience/
community-resilience-planning-guide If you only have time for a quick backgrounder read, go here https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/documents/2016/09/07/brochure_final_print_rightside_up.pdf
105 Low income and marginalized neighbourhoods are often more exposed
to the effects and impacts of climate change. Ensuring that community resilience is
equitable requires different forms of bottom-up community-driven design, Barbara
Brown Wilson has just (2018) published Resilience for All: Striving for Equity Through
Community-Driven Design https://islandpress.org/books/resilience-all
106 Many communities are developing local climate change adaptation plans
and strategies: here’s Vancouver’s https://vancouver.ca/green-vancouver/climatechange-adaptation-strategy.aspx and Victoria’s https://www.victoria.ca/assets/Departments/Sustainability/Documents/Adaptation%20Phase%201%20and%202%20
Report.pdf as well as Climate Action Victoria – connecting you to what’s happening around low carbon resilience https://www.victoria.ca/EN/main/residents/climatechange/climate-action.html

102 Cultural Resilience is all about cultural survival - https://www.culturalsurvival.org/ and you can sign up to get the free quarterly e-magazine https://www.
culturalsurvival.org/publications/cultural-survival-quarterly/41-3-rights-self-determination-resilience For audio, listen to Indigenous Rights Radio http://rights.culturalsurvival.org/

Here’s the FCM inventory of communities with Climate Action Plans https://
www.fcm.ca/home/programs/partners-for-climate-protection/members---partnersfor-climate-protection-program/british-columbia.htm

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107 Transition Towns started in the UK and became a movement that has spread
around the world to help communities creatively find resilient solutions, and move
towards a peak-oil post-carbon economy. The main portal is through https://transitionnetwork.org/ where you can also order books and films.There are other local adaptation resources gathered by the Canadian Centre for Community Renewal
(CCCR) out of Port Alberni http://communityrenewal.ca/about-transition-movement
108 West Coast Environmental Law published in 2012 Preparing for Climate
Change - An Implementation Guide for Local Governments in British Columbia https://
www.toolkit.bc.ca/Resource/Preparing-Climate-Change-Implementation-Guide-Local-Governments-British-Columbia
109 The BC Climate Action Toolkit has lots more stuff to have a look at https://
www.toolkit.bc.ca/
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Planting Design - Adaptation
Changes in climate affect changes on the ground that will, and already are influencing
seasonal timing of plant growth, changes in plant, insect, and animal life-cycles including migration patterns, local biodiversity loss, shifts in suitable habitat for indigenous
species, northward movement of species from further south, loss of keystone species
that cannot adapt to a new environment quickly enough, new pests and diseases –
planning, design and management have to adapt to these realities. If you are doing any
planting design or planning any project that involves plants,YOU need to adapt.
110 Climate Change is altering our regional climate patterns. For example, the
Lower Mainland has now been divided into 5 sub-regional weather zones and this
finer scale look at weather and climate must be taken into account when working
on planting design, biodiversity and ecosystem repair, and design for human health
and well-being. Why waste time, energy, and money specifying something that cannot
handle the changing climate? ? We need those trees to grow big, strong, and healthy
so they can provide shade, cool the urban heat island, absorb air pollution, and store
carbon. Other regions of the province have also been subdivided: Fraser Valley, North
Coast (inland) and East Vancouver Islands have each been subdivided into 3 sections,
and the Sunshine Coast and the Fraser Canyon are both split into two sub-regional
climates.
https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/typesweather-forecasts-use/public/important-changes-british-columbia.html
111 Have a look at the Climate Atlas of Canada and start adapting your design
work https://climateatlas.ca/

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The UBC Collaborative for Advanced Landscape Planning (CALP) has released a Citizen’s Coolkit on Climate Change and Urban Forestry: A Visual “Doit-Yourself ” Toolkit for Engaging Neighbours on Your Block (Test Version 3.0)
which includes a neighbourhood engagement process, advice on planting low maintenance native species of shrubs and trees, retrofitting your home with energy saving
features, and reducing your risk to the effects of climate change and many links and
references to chase. http://calp2016.sites.olt.ubc.ca/files/2018/07/CALP-UBC_Coolkit-reduced-size.pdf
112 PCIC says climate change in the Lower Mainland translates into a 15% longer
growing season, a 45% increase in warm days above 5oC that support plant growth,
and a 22% increase in consecutive dry days in summer – predicting 28 days in a row
without precipitation). Our planting design palettes have to adapt to these realities.
Have a listen to this or any other America Adapts podcast: https://americaadapts.
org/2017/11/14/landscape-architects-adapt-to-climate-change/
113 In the UK the Landscape Institute has published a solid position paper on
Landscape Architecture and the Challenge of Climate Change. Read the recommendations on page 8 (Section 5) and at the least skim through the Case Studies that
show how planning and design are changing to adapt to the realities that [even if you
are a recent graduate], everything is very different and there is an urgent imperative
to adapt and become resilient both personally, and as a profession https://www.landscapeinstitute.org/PDF/Contribute/LIClimateChangePositionStatement.pdf
114 On the south coast of BC, we must adapt our designs to accommodate species that can thrive in wet winter/dry summer conditions. What plants to select?
As plants are on the move, what is “native” is now moot, and biodiversity as a key
principle is also a good strategy to protect from new pests and diseases. San Diego
worked with a group of partners to develop a watershed approach to landscaping that
has transferable concepts and ideas – download the 71-page guide https://sustainablelandscapessd.org/guidelines/
115 Hurricane Sandy messed up a lot of waterfront parks. In 2017 New York
City published Design and Planning for Flood Resiliency: Guidelines for NYC Parks, a
transdisciplinary guide for developing and renovating coastally resilient waterfront
parks. https://www.nycgovparks.org/pagefiles/128/NYCP-Design-and-Planning-FloodZone__5b0f0f5da8144.pdf
On the topic of fires: FireSmart Canada has lots of resources including a guide
to landscaping https://www.firesmartcanada.ca/resources-library/firesmart-guide-tolandscaping

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Urban Forests and Trees

123 Read Tim Beatley’s book: Biophilic Cities: Integrating Nature into Urban Design and Planning (2010) Island Press https://islandpress.org/books/biophilic-cities

116 TreeCanada hosts the Canadian Urban Forest Network where you can find
the Canadian Urban Forest Strategy (2013-2018) https://treecanada.ca/engagement-research/canadian-urban-forest-strategy and other tree-related resources https://treecanada.ca/resources/

124 Tim Beatley has also written Handbook of Biophilic City Planning & Design
(2016) Island Press https://islandpress.org/books/handbook-biophilic-city-planningdesign

117 USDA Forest Service Climate Change Resource Centre has both
general CC topics online and tabbed pages that focus specifically on Urban Forests
and Climate change. https://www.fs.usda.gov/ccrc/topics/urban-forests-and-climatechange
118 Where are we at in our understanding of the cultural value of urban forests?
Download and read The Social and Economic Values of Canada’s Urban Forests: A National
Synthesis (2015) – amongst the co-authors are Sara Barron (MLArch, UBC) and Judith
Cowan (MBCSLA) http://urbanforestry.sites.olt.ubc.ca/files/2016/09/The-Social-andEconomic-Values-of-Canada%E2%80%99s-Urban-Forests-A-National-Synthesis-2015.
pdf
119 Walkable Org has a short refresher on the benefits of street trees [22 of
them] http://www.walkable.org/download/22_benefits.pdf
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Biophilic Cities and Design
Building from EO Wilson’s work on the concept of biophilia, a biophilic city, as defined
by Tim Beatley at the University of Virginia Department of Urban and Environmental
Planning is one that is “natureful”.
“A natureful city puts nature at the core of its design and planning, rather than treating
nature as an afterthought, ornament, or density bonus. “ Nature is the key to everything that happens in a city. Tim Beatley founded the Biophilic Cities Network to
connect cities working on bring more nature into cities. What do Edmonton, Alberta
and Singapore have in common? They are both biophilic cities.
120 To find out about what makes cities biophilic, go to http://biophiliccities.org/
or just follow them on Twitter https://twitter.com/BiophilicCities?ref_src=twsrc%5Eg
oogle%7Ctwcamp%5Eserp%7Ctwgr%5Eauthor
121 Watch lots of short videos about biophilic cities on YouTube and get ideas
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCR1OKw8CA2IsK-TnEJdDflw/videos

125 Or read any other book by Tim Beatley https://islandpress.org/author/timothybeatley
126 Download and read 14 Patterns of Biophilic Design: Improving Health
and Well-being in the Built Environment https://www.terrapinbrightgreen.com/
reports/14-patterns/
If you want to broaden your knowledge about urban studies, need some theory or
science, and want to splurge, Springer now has a dedicated page for all their Urban
Studies publications – books and journals. https://www.springer.com/us/marketing/
urban-studies?sap-outbound-id=070B04621DBDA5AA90554DADCD966FADD13A
51D5
You can also download some open access books as pdfs such as Nature-Based Solutions to Climate Change Adaptation in Urban Areas—Linkages Between Science, Policy and
Practice https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2F978-3-319-56091-5.pdf
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Food [In] Security | Food Sovereignty
127 Indigenous Food Systems Network is the BC group working towards
meeting immediate and long-term Indigenous needs for healthy, culturally adapted
Indigenous foods provided for, protected, and sustained by hunting, fishing, gathering,
and farming. https://www.indigenousfoodsystems.org/
128 The UN Food + Agriculture Organization (FAO) has published a book (437p.)
Indigenous Peoples’ Food Systems & Well-being: Interventions & Policies for Healthy Communities https://docplayer.net/337049-Indigenous-peoples-food-systems-well-beinginterventions-policies-for-healthy-communities.html
129 Global in scope, the McGill University Centre for Indigenous Peoples’ Nutrition and Environment (CINE), has a focus on righting food insecurity in Northern Canada. https://www.mcgill.ca/cine/ CINE has also published a web resource of
the published literature on traditional animal foods known and used by Indigenous
Peoples of northern North America. http://traditionalanimalfoods.org/

122 Download the Journal: http://biophiliccities.org/journals/
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130 Over 20 years ago the FAO Rome Declaration on World Food Security stated that
food security exists “when all people, at all times, have physical and economic access to
sufficient, safe and nutritious food to meet their dietary needs and food preferences for an
active and healthy life”, and commented that poverty is a major cause of food insecurity,
and elimination of poverty is critical to improving access to food. http://healthydocuments.org/nutrition/healthydocuments-doc32.pdf
131 The City of Vancouver Food Strategy (2013) addresses food security issues
and opportunities https://vancouver.ca/files/cov/vancouver-food-strategy-final.PDF
132 ‘Food Security’ and ‘Food Insecurity’ are used in different contexts, with
varied interpretations, and may not simply be the opposite of each other. The term
’food insecurity’ has been defined as the inability to obtain or consume an adequate
quality diet or a sufficient quantity of food in socially acceptable ways, or the uncertainty that one can do so. PROOF – Food Insecurity and Policy Research is a
multi-institution research team based at the University of Toronto and has downloadable infographics, fact sheets, reports and other resources you can find at http://proof.
utoronto.ca/
133 The high cost of importing non-traditional food into Northern and remote areas of Canada is both a barrier to healthy eating, and an anti-poverty obstacle. According to Health Canada, “food insecurity exists within a household when one or
more members do not have access to the variety or quantity of food that they need due to a
lack of money.” https://www.feedopportunity.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/StatsCan-Food-Insecurity-Report.pdf
134 Food Secure Canada is a pan-Canadian alliance working to advance food
security and food sovereignty through three goals: zero hunger, healthy and safe food,
and sustainable food systems. https://foodsecurecanada.org/who-we-are
135 Canada does not yet have a national food policy however, a task assigned
the Minister of Agriculture by the Prime Minister is to develop a national food policy
to enable and ensure access for all Canadians to good, healthy food. For background
information, big ideas, and briefing notes submitted to the federal government see
https://foodsecurecanada.org/policy-advocacy/five-big-ideas-better-food-system
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Play: Outside | Natural Play

137 The British Forestry Commission has an online resource called Nature
Play: Simple and fun ideas for all and you can download “Places to go? A summary of
research evidence in 2008” which looked at creating safer streets and neighbourhoods
that embrace children playing in them, as well as an affordable public transport system
to take young people where they want to go – essential elements to meet needs in
the public realm. http://www.playengland.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/places-togo-research-summary.pdf
138 The Nature Playbook: Take Action to Connect a New Generation of Canadians with Nature is a 2016 publication of the Canadian Parks Council that looks
practical ideas for connecting a new demographic and the most diverse urban populations to nature. http://www.parks-parcs.ca/pdf/playbook/nature-playbook.pdf
139 Canadian Parks Council published Connecting Canadians with Nature: An Investment in the Well-being of our Citizens (2014) which presents the health and well-being
benefits of getting Canadians outside and into nature. http://www.parks-parcs.ca/english/ConnectingCanadians-English_web.pdf
140 The Play England research helped provide the impetus to reintroduce a very
old idea: Play Streets – city streets that are temporarily closed to traffic to provide
a safe place for children, their families, and neighbors to get together and play outside.
It started in England and has spread to North America. https://www.londonplay.org.uk/
content/30290/our_work/recent_work/play_streets/play_streets
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Transportation
141 Walkable Cities has a lot of resources and links to explore.
http://www.walkable.org/
142 Complete Streets are streets that are designed to be safe for everyone
[all ages and abilities], whether walking, bicycling, taking transit, or driving. Complete
Streets Canada has policy and design resources. http://completestreetsforcanada.ca/
143 The Toronto Centre for Active Transportation (TCAT) has a downloadable handbook, Complete Streets by Design that covers the basics. http://www.tcat.ca/
knowledge-centre/complete-streets-by-design-toronto-streets-redesigned-for-all-ages-and-abilities/

136 NatureGrounds is an organization whose purpose designing nature back
into children’s lives on the playground and to engage communities in working together to create richer play experiences for all users. Through the website you can
download Creating & Retrofitting Play Environments: Best Practice Guidelines http://www.
naturegrounds.org/

144 8-80 Cities is a Toronto-based organization founded by Gil Penalosa with a mission to people in communities together to enhance mobility and public space in order
to create more vibrant, healthy, and equitable communities. They do this by offering
consulting services to local governments. https://www.880cities.org/

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145 Travelling to England? Check out the Walkit city walking maps (also available
as an app) to see how close places are in e.g. London – cheaper and healthier to walk
than be stuck in the Tube. It calculates distances, time it takes (fast, medium, slow)
calories used, CO2 saved, and provides a hill profile so you know what you are in for
http://walkit.com/cities/london/

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Design for Social Impact + Inclusivity + Engagement
146 The University of Michigan Center for Social Impact defines it as “a significant, positive change that addresses a pressing social challenge.” Making a social impact
is the effect your work (company, project, activity) has on others. The Center for
Social Impact Strategy at the University of Pennsylvania is the place to go to
learn more by watching some videos http://studio.socialimpactstrategy.org/ or to
take a free online course on designing, developing, and launching a social impact organization (non-profit or for-profit) http://socialimpactstrategy.org/online/coursera/
147 Stone Soup Films in DC exemplifies social impact through their organization, which makes free films for not-for-profits to amplify their stories and through
highlighting the social impact of the not-for-profits themselves. For example, watch
a 4-minute doc on the Dumbarton Oaks Park Conservancy and Beatrix Farrand.
http://www.stonesoupfilms.org/film/dumbarton-oaks-park-conservancy/
148 [A lot] more fun is “Dick & Rick: A Visual Primer for Social Impact Design” by the
Center for Urban Pedagogy (CUP), the Equity Collective, and illustrator Ping
Zhou, “a visual exploration of community-engaged design practices and how they can
be — but aren’t always — used to create great design projects as well as greater social
justice.” http://welcometocup.org/file_columns/0000/0789/dick_rick.pdf
149 CUP is based in Brooklyn and uses the power of design and art to increase
meaningful civic engagement. The CUP website is overflowing with resources neatly
arranged alphabetically. http://welcometocup.org/Resources
150 Progrss is a hub for innovation, trends, and best practices (positive social impacts) in the transformation of cities all over the world. https://progrss.com/
151 Design for the Common Good. SEED Network (Social Economic Environmental Design) is made up of professionals dedicated to building and supporting a
culture of civic responsibility and engagement in the built environment and the public
realm. You can check out an interactive projects map and look at case studies here.
http://www.designforcommongood.net/map/

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Notes + Suggestions for Future Editions
Send an email (especially if you find a broken link): kathy.dunster@kpu.ca