An Online Lab Section with IOLab and Remotely Operated Experiments Takashi Sato & Jillian Lang Our Pilot (Winter 2017) O SStudents took regular, on-campus class w with either: • on-campus lab sections (as usual), or • online lab section (new) Online Labs (9 total) O • 7 using IOLab • 2 remotely operated • content & sequence paralleled oncampus sections Pre-lab Assignment • Available Sunday, due Wednesday • Equips students with theory, orientation and analysis tools Lab Experiment & Report • Available upon pre-lab submission, due Sunday midnight* • Students make prediction, perform experiment, write discussion incl. uncertainty Learning Progression Early Labs • Student lab reports are heavily guided Later Labs • progressively freer in format • progression in student expectations Projectile Motion # Topic Experiment mode Pre-lab activity Lab activity Other Skills Notes 1 Uniform Motion Students explore motion in one dimension and its graphical representation. IOLab 1. Explore x(t) graphs of objects in motion 2. Install the IOLab software on own device 3. Explore the basic functions/sensors of IOLab Given sketches of x(t) graphs 1. reproduce graphs by moving IOLab accordingly. Connecting physical motion to its graphical representation and vice versa. This pre-lab is longer than most and is spread over 2 weeks. 2 Acceleration Students explore how position and velocity change with time for various types of motion in 1D. IOLab 1. Match a described motion with x(t) and v(t) graphs 2. Introduction to measurement uncertainties and their propagation Students push the IOLab up a ramp to 1. produce x(t) and v(t) graphs 2. determine the acceleration and ramp angle Comparing obtained graphs with prediction. Start work with uncertainties. Students construct/improvise a ramp with household items. 3 Freefall Students send IOLab in freefall. Graphical analysis yields g. IOLab 1. Tutorial on data tables, graphing with error bars and interpreting linear graphs 2. Setting up the freefall experiment with IOLab 1. Drop IOLab onto a cushion from different heights 2. Measure time of freefall using accelerometer to plot a graph whose slope is predicted to be g/2 Constructing data tables Graphing with error bars Interpreting linear graphs Students write discussion by filling in blanks as prompted. 4 Projectile Motion Students launch IOLab over edge of table. IOLab 1. Explore projectile motion from a horizontal platform using a simulation 2. Prepare and practice launching IOLab from table while taking data 1. Predict projectile range from table height and IOLab’s speed at launch 2. Measure range from landing location Uncertainty propagation Do measured result and prediction agree within uncertainty? Students write discussion by filling in blanks as prompted. 5 Acceleration on an Incline Students roll cart down inclined track using remote control. remote 1. ^ŝŵƵůĂƚŝŽŶĂƐƐŝƐƚĞĚƚƵƚŽƌŝĂůƚŽĚĞƌŝǀĞ͞ĂсŐƐŝŶɽ͕͟ with uncertainties 2. Tutorial on operation of remote equipment 1. Predict acceleration from height and length of track 2. Measure acceleration from slope of v(t) graph Uncertainty propagation Do measured result and prediction agree within uncertainty? Students write discussion from scratch, based on experience with prior labs. 6 Uniform Circular Motion Students swing IOLab around in circle on a string while force sensor measures tension. IOLab 1. Simulation assisted tutorial on uniform circular motion 2. Tutorial on using IOLab force sensor 1. Measure period and radius to calculate speed, centripetal acceleration and force. 2. Measure centripetal force using force sensor Uncertainty propagation Do measured result and prediction agree within uncertainty? Decreasing guidance given. Students have opportunity to discuss many potential sources of error. 7 Impulse and Momentum Students bounce IOLab cart w/ spring bumper off a solid object. IOLab 1. Students prepare and practice the collision while taking data 1. Change in velocity is compared to the area under F(t) graph Interpreting v(t) and F(t) graphs for momentum and impulse Students perform calculations and write discussion independently. 8 Conservation of Mechanical Energy Students roll IOLab as a roller coaster. IOLab 1. Roller coaster simulation, with friction 2. Students prepare a roller coaster-like track for IOLab IOlab is sent down track and 1. calculate total energy from height and speed data Performing relevant calculation and comparisons with minimal guidance JJ Thomson’s e/m experiment is performed by remote control. remote 1. Orientation of equations used for analysis 2. Tutorial on operation of remote equipment 10 Electron charge-tomass ratio (e/m) 1. Measure accelerating voltage and Helmholtz coil current Writing entire report from scratch, based on 2. Work out a value for e/m experience with prior labs. Energy is usually not conserved, as seen in pre-lab simulations. Students given two weeks to complete this lab. Conservation of Mechanical Energy Uniform Circular Motion Equipment located 150 km away at North Island College (Comox, Canada) are operated remotely by students through the internet. RWSL/NANSLO facility includes lab equipment for Physics, Chemistry & Biology and are described further at http://www.nic.bc.ca/rwsl and http://www.wiche.edu/nanslo Cart on Inclined Track Encourage more interaction • Peer-to-peer (e.g. online forum) • Student-instructor (*adjust deadline to allow last minute help - no more Sunday midnight) Measure student outcomes Library to manage equipment return Lab pilot continuing 2017/18 Class portion also moving online • Sept 2017 – partially online • Jan 2018 – fully online Acknowledgements Thanks e/m - Electron Charge to Mass Ratio Future Plans Remote Experiments Sample IOLab Expts Determining g from Freefall Weekly Cycle Overview T Course The PHYS 1100 is a one-semester algebraP based course with mechanics and E & M. b The Labs Dept. of Physics, Kwantlen Polytechnic University, Vancouver, Canada We wish to thank the Creative Capital Fund of KPU for supporting the development of Remote and Online Physics labs, North Island College for making remote experiments available to our students and our KPU Physics Dept. colleagues for embracing and encouraging our pilot. Resources & Contact takashi.sato@kpu.ca 604-599-2656 jillian.lang@kpu.ca 604-599-2455 Handouts, lab manuals and more at http://www.kpu.ca/physics/sato/AAPTCincinnati Building own remote experiments Presented at AAPT Summer 2017 Meeting July 25, 2017, Cincinnati, USA. Determining g from Freefall various drop distances x = ____ ± ___ measured with a tape measure various drop times t = ____ ± ___ measured with IOLab – Accelerometer 1 2 theory predicts: 𝑥𝑥 = 𝑔𝑔𝑡𝑡 2 (since xo and vo both = 0) Compare x vs. 𝑡𝑡 2 graph is drawn acceleration due to gravity g = ____ ± ___ calculated from 2 × 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 acceleration due to gravity g = ____ ± ___ looked up for particular location Projectile Motion h = ____ ± ___ measured with a tape measure height of launch horizontal launch velocity v = ____ ± ___ measured with IOLab - Wheel Sensor time of flight of projectile t = ____ ± ___ calculated from 𝑡𝑡 = Compare range Rtheoretical = ____ ± ___ calculated from 𝑅𝑅 = 𝑣𝑣𝑣𝑣 range Rmeasured = ____ ± ___ measured with a tape measure 2ℎ 𝑔𝑔 Uniform Circular Motion mass of IOLab device m = ____ ± ___ measured in a previous IOLab activity time for 30 revolutions ∆t = ____ ± ___ measured with IOLab - Force Sensor radius of revolution r = ____ ± ___ measured with a tape measure period of revolution T = ____ ± ___ calculated from 𝑇𝑇 = ∆𝑡𝑡 ⁄30 speed v = ____ ± ___ calculated from 𝑣𝑣 = 2𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋⁄𝑇𝑇 Compare net force Ftheoretical = ____ ± ___ calculated from 𝐹𝐹 = 𝑚𝑚𝑣𝑣 2 ⁄𝑟𝑟 net force Fmeasured = ____ ± ___ measured with IOLab - Force Sensor Conservation of Mechanical Energy mass of IOLab device m = ____ ± ___ from previous IOLab activity height at top of roller coaster h = ____ ± ___ from tape measure velocity at bottom of roller coaster v = ____ ± ___ from IOLab – Wheel Sensor mechanical energy at top Ei = ____ ± ___ calculated from mgh mechanical energy at bottom Ef = ____ ± ___ calculated from 12𝑚𝑚𝑣𝑣 2 Compare